Android requires use of the Dalvik VM. Native code cannot make API calls to create interfaces etc. WebOS is the same deal, must use JavaScript and their framework for a native interface (and WebOS is a dying platform.) Windows Mobile is garbage, maybe 7 will be better, but it's half a year away and likely Microsoft will just copy Apple blindly and ban languages other than C# and C++.
There is a native interface for Android. While it isn't intended to be used for GUI development, maybe it is doable? I could imagine it could work like PhoneGap, except for C: write a wrapper in Java that exposes the required methods to C, then write your app in C.
So, for iPhone/iPad development, you can use C, C++, Objective-C, or JavaScript (4 languages).
But on the other platforms you are in reality limited (in practice) to one or two languages? I'm looking at you, Android and BlackBerry.
(Windows and Palm don't really count, since nobody's writing for them).
This is hilarious. People have gotten Scala, Ruby, Python, Lua, and a whole host of other languages running on Android. At least check your damn facts before posting bullshit.
Between this iPhone dev license change, and your claim that folks have gotten Python apps running on Android, this is probably the final straw pushing me to jump to Android.