$_ is the last argument. Here's a better example to illustrate
> echo 'Hello' 'world' 'my' 'name' 'is' 'godelski'
Hello world my name is godelski
> echo $_
godelski
> !:0 !:1 !:2 "I'm" "$_"
Hello world I'm godelski
The reference manual is here[0] and here's a more helpful list[1]
One of my favorites is
> git diff some/file/ugh/hierarchy.cpp
> git add $_
## Alternatively, but this is more cumbersome (but more flexible)
!!:s^diff^add
So what is happening with wget is
> wget https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.18/releases/x86_64/alpine-minirootfs-3.18.4-x86_64.tar.gz && tar -xvf $_
## Becomes
> wget https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.18/releases/x86_64/alpine-minirootfs-3.18.4-x86_64.tar.gz
> tar -xvf https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.18/releases/x86_64/alpine-minirootfs-3.18.4-x86_64.tar.gz
Which you are correct, doesn't work.
It should actually be something like this
> wget https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.18/releases/x86_64/alpine-minirootfs-3.18.4-x86_64.tar.gz -O alpine.tar.gz && tar xzf $_
This would work as the last parameter is correct. I also added `z` to the tar and removed `-` because it isn't needed. Note that `v` often makes untaring files MUCH slower
If you want to add in another bash trick called Parameter Expansion[0] you can parse out the filename automatically with the special variable $_. Something like:
> wget https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.18/releases/x86_64/alpine-minirootfs-3.18.4-x86_64.tar.gz && tar xzf ${_##*/}
I kind of suspect some of these companies probably have more horsepower and bandwidth in one crawler than a lot of these projects have in their entire infrastructure.
I kind of wonder if there could be some kind of antagonistic pricing checks, by finding parties opposed to inaccuracies.
For example, actuaries have to be accurate about the costs of using a vehicle. If their estimate is too low, the insurance company will lose money. If they are too high, they will lose business to competitors.
But probably insurance companies are not the opposed party, because they will sell more insurance, and losses may be lower than inflated costs.
On a different note, california prop 13 has made people keep their house longer or forever.
Also you don't need a proposition in your constitution to affect the same outcome. Where I live they almost never do reassessments, so we effectively have the same result.
The great thing about having states is that we can experiment with lots of different models of how to run society. If you don't like your particular, society then you can move to a different one.
Don’t get me wrong I’m not trying to say we shouldn’t attempt to mitigate fraud. I’m saying that when presented with a problem it is important to apply a cost benefit analysis to the solution. This problem is relatively small. The proposed solution is very heavy handed. That makes me question the rationality of the solution.
hmm... also, it says there is an alpine layer with "FROM scratch"??
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