You have just described Testcontainers [1] , and if you are a Java developer you...

You have just described Testcontainers [1] , and if you are a Java developer you may want to look into Testcontainers for Java [2].

For example, in one of my projects I use TestNG to instantiate a MariaDB container, run the Flyway migrations on it and then populating the tables with the test data:

  mAPIDBContainer = new MariaDBContainer<>(DockerImageName.parse(MARIADB_CONTAINER_TAG))
              .withDatabaseName("apidb")
              .withPassword("password")
              .withNetwork(containerNetwork)
              .withNetworkAliases("apidb")
              .withExposedPorts(3306);
      mAPIDBContainer.start();
      Flyway flyway = Flyway.configure()
              .dataSource(mAPIDBContainer.getJdbcUrl(), mAPIDBContainer.getUsername(), mAPIDBContainer.getPassword())
              .encoding("UTF-8")
              .locations("classpath:apidb/migrations")
              .load();
      flyway.migrate();
      ScriptUtils.runInitScript(new JdbcDatabaseDelegate(mAPIDBContainer, ""), "sql/apidb/apidb-test-data.sql");

[1] https://testcontainers.com/ [2] https://java.testcontainers.org/