Hacker News new | past | comments | ask | show | jobs | submit login
The Early History of the Channel Tunnel (publicdomainreview.org)
69 points by Petiver on Jan 12, 2024 | hide | past | favorite | 23 comments



I love Le Shuttle, it's my favourite way to travel back to the UK, which I did over Christmas/New Year to see family.

You drive up, sit in your car for 40 minutes and drive off - there's no faff (unless some overzealous UK border guard asks a bunch of questions on a British passport like how long I'm staying, when I'm going back, do I have accommodation, etc) - if you're early or late they just put you on another train, you can easily take pets (for us two dogs).

I'm glad it's there, keeping some kind of physical connection to Europe.


> you can easily take pets (for us two dogs)

…if they meet the necessary requirements. https://www.gov.uk/bring-pet-to-great-britain:

“You can enter or return to Great Britain with your pet cat, dog or ferret if it:

- has been microchipped

- has a pet passport or health certificate

- has been vaccinated against rabies - it will also need a blood test if you’re travelling from an country that is not ‘listed’

You must use an approved route - unless you’re travelling within the UK or from Ireland.

You need to fill in a declaration if you are not going to sell or transfer the ownership of your pet.

Dogs must also usually have a tapeworm treatment.”


To bring a pet to the eu is even more extensive nowadays it requires a health certificate nowadays, common rate for that is about 150£ per Animal.


Another brexit bonus?


It's always been like that, at least for 10 years - this is nothing to do with Brexit.


this is generally true, of taking any sort of animal or agricultural product across a border.

heck, sometimes you encounter this in a domestic situation (e.g. Hawaii and the mainland US). It keeps diseases contained and is also meant to prevent animal trafficking.


Pictures of the 1880 attempt when they found the old tunnel digging the new one. See the images tab.

https://www.subbrit.org.uk/sites/channel-tunnel-1880-attempt...


I went right down a rabbit hole with Subterranea magazine…

Sorry! But the magazine is genuinely fascinating.


The 1880's boardgame Invasion included the channel tunnel as an optional rule for experienced players, adding another attack vector for the player trying to invade South-West England. As I understand it part of the reason for creating the game was to show how dangerous it would be to have the tunnel. It fits in time with the examples in the article of worries about the tunnel's military use?

https://boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/26597/invasion

https://boardgamegeek.com/image/3510336/invasion


The description of de Gamond's diving work is particularly amazing. I had no idea such a thing was possible.


I just popped back to say the same, absolutely extraordinary.

> After exhausting all terrestrial research methods, Thomé de Gamond set out to solve the mystery of the strait via three extraordinary solo dives in 1855. Weighed down by 160 pounds of flint, he stoppered his ears with home-made plugs of lard, and turned his mouth into a de facto valve, using olive oil to expel air without taking in water. Thus equipped, he successfully descended over one hundred feet to collect soil samples from the seabed, ascending afterward with the help of ten inflated pig bladders.


Another description:

https://www.gutenberg.org/files/66685/66685-h/66685-h.htm

Geological conditions existing in the middle of the Strait were, up to that time, almost entirely a matter of surmise, based on observations made on the British and French sides of the Channel, and in the process of finding out more about them, [18]Thomé de Gamond decided to descend in person to the bottom of the Channel to collect geological specimens. In 1855, at the age of forty-eight, he had the hardihood to make a number of such descents, unencumbered by diving equipment, in the middle of the Strait. Naked except for wrappings that he wound about his head to keep in place pads of buttered lint he had plastered over his ears, to protect them from high water pressure, he would plunge to the bottom of the Channel, weighted down by bags of flints and trailing a long safety line attached to his body, and a red distress line attached to his left arm, from a rowboat occupied also by a Channel pilot, a young assistant, and his own daughter, who went along to keep watch over him. On the deepest of these descents, at a point off Folkestone, Thomé de Gamond, having put a spoonful of olive oil into his mouth as a lubricant that would allow him to expel air from his lungs without permitting water at high pressure to force its way in, dived down weighted by four bags of flints weighing a total of 180 pounds. About his waist he wore a belt of ten inflated pig's bladders, which were to pull him rapidly to the surface after he had scooped up his geological specimen from the Channel bed and released his ballast, and, using this system, he actually touched bottom at a depth of between 99 and 108 feet. His ascent from this particular dive was not unremarkable, either; in an account of it, he wrote that just after he had left the bottom of the Channel with a sample of clay

... I was attacked by voracious fish, which seized me by the legs and arms. One of them bit me on the chin, and would at the same time have attacked my throat if it had not been preserved by a thick handkerchief.... I was fortunate enough not to open my mouth, and I reappeared on top of the water after being immersed [19]fifty-two seconds. My men saw one of the monsters which had assailed me, and which did not leave me until I had reached the surface. They were conger eels.


Here is a modern account of a conger eel attack (with a graphic photo). Seems they are quite vicious.

https://m.independent.ie/irish-news/diver-felt-like-a-rag-do...


Wouldn't have been easier to just dredge from a boat? Surely they had 100 foot long ropes?


Really interesting article, with lots of knowledge and illustrations.

Thanks to the author and to the person sharing it. I really enjoyed this reading today.


I'm kinda suprised how accurately those early images depict what actually happened. The drilling machine, the way the tracks are in the tunnel.

They didn't have the tech yet but it was pretty accurate IMO.


Wonder if there any pictures from the point where the new tunnel intersected the old one ?


I always wonder what happens to the fossils and minerals found on big digs like this


I worked for Eurotunnel/Getlink, actual operator of the tunnel(s), as a software architect between 2012 and 2020.

I can tell several fossils were displayed in the main office building both in France and in UK.

I remember a big ammonite, like 90 cm wide at least, displayed on the French Terminal, main office building with a sign next to it explaining the context of the discovery.


thanks for the info


The article is about previous attempts to dig a tunnel, in the 19th century etc.

Crossrail (now the Elizabeth Line) had an exhibition in London at some point.

The artifacts they'd dug up were from the stations and underground crossings, i.e. the traditionally-dug bits.

The tunnel boring machine just crushes everything. (And for that line is mostly deeper than artifacts anyway.)


https://www.samphirehoe.com/about-samphire-hoe/creation/ - on the UK side, most of it ended up being used for land reclamation.


The entrance tunnel to Samphire Hoe is one of the early attempted tunnels.




Guidelines | FAQ | Lists | API | Security | Legal | Apply to YC | Contact

Search: